Hypochloremic alkalosis in infants associated with soy protein formula.

Case report

English

Linshaw MA, Harrison HL, Gruskin AB, Prebis J, Harris J, Stein R, Jayaram MR, Preston D, DiLiberti J, Baluarte HJ, Elzouki A, Carroll N.

J Pediatr. 1980 Apr;96(4):635-40.

Abstract

Thirteen infants, 2 to 10 months of age, developed hypochloremic alkalosis (serum chloride 59 to 92 mEq/l) while taking Neo-Mull-Soy (Syntex), a soy-based formula low in chloride (measured to be 0 to 2 mEq/l) but with considerable potassium citrate. Range of symptoms included lethargy, anorexia, mild spitting up, diarrhea, hematuria, and growth failure. Urine chloride excretion was less than 3 mEq/l. Plasma renin activity or aldosterone, measured in six infants, was elevated. All responded promptly to supplemental salt. One infant receiving Neo-Mull-Soy redeveloped alkalosis when supplemental salt was discontinued. Two of nine apparently normal infants receiving Neo-Mull-Soy also had hypochloremia (85, 86 mEq/l). Three of four receiving Prosobee (Mead Johnson; Cl content 7 mEq/l) had urine chloride concentration less than 20 mEq/l. The chloride content of some infant formulas is insufficient to offset salt losses following mild stress.

Keywords: Hypochloremic alkalosis in infants associated with soy protein formula.

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